Choroidal thickness as a possible predictor of non-response to intravitreal bevacizumab for macular edema after retinal vein occlusion

Abstract

To evaluate outcomes of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) treating macular edema (ME) after retinal vein occlusion (RVO) following pro re nata (PRN) regimen and investigate potential predictors of non-response. Retrospective analysis of 126 treatment-naive eyes with ME after RVO. Eyes were treated initially with IVB of 1.25 mg/ml. Therapy was switched in case of non-response. Outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT), which were recorded over 4 years of treatment. BCVA improved signifcantly during frst 2 years. CMT decreased signifcantly during the 4-year follow-up period. Switching was required in 42 eyes (33%). 34 eyes (26.9%) were switched to steroids, while 8 eyes (6.3%) were switched to other anti-VEGF due to diagnosed glaucoma. Switching occurred after 12.4± 8.3 months and an average of 8± 4.1 IVBs. Compared with the treatment-responsive group, the treatment-unresponsive group had signifcantly worse BCVA, higher CMT and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) at baseline. Treatment IVB following PRN regimen showed signifcant functional and anatomic improvement in patients with ME after RVO. Switching was required in more than one third of eyes. Higher baseline SFCT could be considered as predictor for non-response to such therapy and thus an indicator of early switching.