Inline gas-phase sampling methods for contaminant monitoring in polyolefin recycling

Abstract

This article investigates methods for sampling volatiles on a compounding extruder to enable the development of a quasi-continuous automated sampling and measurement system for odorous contaminants. A first prototype of a bespoke extraction system was presented in earlier work, comprising four sequential cooling traps and one subsequent sorption trap. This setup allows us to obtain samples from the vacuum degassing port of a Coperion ZSK extruder. Preliminary results indicated that samples contain a plethora of odor-active compounds. This study assesses samples from the processing of post-consumer recycled polypropylene by means of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/olfactory detection (GC–MS/O), focusing on comparing the composition of condensed and adsorbed samples. The results give an overview of the degassing atmosphere, listing more than 108 volatile compounds including odorants. Qualitative comparison of the sampling techniques indicates significant fractioning between condensates and adsorbates, which is illustrated on an orientation plot for water solubility versus volatility. Based on the results, guidelines for the design of sampling units for automated use in the aspired online monitoring application are proposed to transfer a broad spectrum of relevant contaminants to an attached measurement system.